Creative Intelligence †Mental Models Essay

Introduction Creative Intelligence is the ability of mind to devise innovative and smart solutions to the problems faced in routine life. It is a very essential component of successful intelligence as it determines the potential to go ahead of the given situations in order to produce creative and interesting ideas. Such a situation appears when an individual moves in a direction opposite to that of general opinion with a motive to develop efficient means to accomplish the task (Burt, 1931). The four styles of Creative Intelligence are: Intuitive, Innovative, Imaginative and Inspirational. The comparison of these styles and their influence on organizational decision making is as follows- Intuitive: According to the intuitive style, the basic concepts and insights of mind are responsible for developing innovative ideas and determining the decision to be taken. In such a style, facts and figures hold less importance and complexity of the situation is not annoying. In intuitive style, constant changes in the internal as well as the external environments of the organization are presumed, beforehand. This style has a major influence on the organization as decisions are largely taken on the basis of the basic understanding of the employees. Innovative: As per the innovative style of creative intelligence, the creative ability of the mind to develop remarkable solutions to the problems gains high prominence. Such style is usually characterized by out-of box thinking and unconventional point of views. Similar to the intuitive style, it does not focus a great deal on the data and statistics. As every organization desires novel and innovative ideas for its problems, thus, the innovative style plays a pivotal role in the decision-making process. Imaginative: In this style of creative intelligence, an individual devises  new and creative ideas entirely on the basis of his imagination capabilities. Such a style requires the situation to be perceived from a variety of perspectives and solved entirely on the basis of shear creative potential of the mind. It does not require many details related to the given circumstances. Such a style does influence the decision-making process of an organization by recommending inventive measures to resolve the problem. Inspirational: The inspirational style is a very unique form of creative intelligence. According to this style, novel ideas and solutions are developed by drawing inspiration from the actions taken in situations of similar nature. Such kind of motivation can also be derived from the figures acknowledged by the individual. In contrast to other styles, it realizes the importance of the details related to the situation. Also, the inspirational style, simplifies the process of decision-making in a positive manner by recommending tested and proven measures. Influence of Five forces on Mental Models- A mental model accounts for an individual’s thought process about how things work in the real world. As these models refer to a symbol or representation of outside facts, they are assumed to play a crucial role in decision-making (Sternberg, 1982). The five forces affect the mental models existing in an organization in a significant manner. As a result of these forces, the mental models adapt themselves to the changes in the internal and external environments (Mental Models, Metaphor and Design, 2008). How Mental Models might limit the decision-making process- As the mental models form preconceived responses to a given situation or a problem, they prevent the introduction of any new solutions to tackle the current issues (Robles-De-La-Torre G. & Sekuler, 2004). For illustration, the poor performance of an employee owing to certain inevitable measures would lead the HR Manager to take an incorrect decision about his future due to his set mental model. Similarly, an organization’s defensive mindset would prevent it from engaging in a risky yet profitable project (Increasing Intelligence, 2008). Commonly used Mental Models and their influence on the decision-making process at the workplace- At the workplace, a number of mental models are used by the individuals to take decisions in the given situation (Mental Models, 2008). On similar lines, my decision-making process at the workplace is guided by the structural and functional mental models. In order to take a decision in the given situation, I firstly employ the functional model as it helps to know the actual task to be performed in the given circumstances. Generally, this mental model serves as the fundamental basis for taking any kind of decision for the problem. However, in order to understand the factors leading to the problem, the structural model is used. This model assists in understanding the various components of the problems at the workplace and their relationships with each other. In fact, both the models influence my decision-making process to a great deal as they assume varying significance depending on the situation encountered at the workplace. At the same time, they help in the process of taking appropriate decisions as per the requirement of the given situation. References Burt, C. 1931. _The Differentiation Of Intellectual Ability_. The British Journal of Educational Psychology. Robles-De-La-Torre G. & Sekuler R.. 2004. _Numerically Estimating Internal Models of Dynamic Virtual Objects_. ACM Transactions on Applied Perception. Sternberg, R.J. 1982. _Handbook of human intelligence_. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Increasing Intelligence. (2008). Retrieved April 17, 2008, from http://www.psych.utoronto.ca/users/reingold/courses/intelligence/cache/sternberg_intelligence.html Mental Models. (2008). Retrieved April 17, 2008, from http://www.cs.umu.se/kurser/TDBC12/HT99/Laird.html Mental Models, Metaphor and Design. (2008). Retrieved April 17, 2008, from http://www.syntagm.co.uk/design/articles/mmmad.pdf

How Does a Type of Media Shape the Future of a Given Society? Essay

Any communications mass medium has three primary functions: to inform, to educate and to influence. These primary functions contribute in shaping a given society. In the context of community organizing, there is a triad of an ideal society. In order to develop a society, there must be justice, participation, and empowerment. At the heart of the triad is human dignity. The triad depicts a development vision. It guides both the community organizers and the participants to mold and execute a collective action into shaping their society into an organized and influential community, based on justice, equality and mutual respect. Media can play a crucial role in the process of shaping a community, a society. The process of shaping is challenging and wide-ranging. In other words, there are many and varied hows. But, a society, must first determine its whys. Why should the people shape their community? The answers can also be varied but they all boil down to the essential characteristics of any given society. Every society evolves. Development goes along with the process of evolution. Once every member of a given society is deeply moved by the whys, s/he takes action. This action, or any action for that matter, is part of the hows. His/her action may involve the media. S/he can be informed, educated or influenced by the media. Media, one of the major sectors of society, can be both an independent body and a participant in the process of shaping. As the former, media has the watchdog responsibility. For the latter, media serves as a participant by transmitting relevant information that can move the members of a society into action. Media, then, is significant. Media organizations must embody the characteristics of beings the advocates of the people they serve. They are involved in business but the public and its interests must take precedence. The public, after all, is the main consumer of the information they transmit. Now, the danger comes if a media organization becomes corrupt. It becomes dangerous if it seeks to gain more profit than public accountability. On the brighter side, if the media organization is a genuine advocate for people empowerment, it uses its available technologies to provide the public with messages that correspond to the thrusts toward development. For instance, TV remains to be the most consumed medium because far more than appealing to the sense of sight and sound, it affects emotions. Emotions are powerful. A person may be roused to anger. Anger about his/her current situation, stricken with poverty and injustice. This anger can fuel his/her desire to do something about his/her situation. Another danger, thought, is what kind of action will he/she take? Will the action be moral or immoral? Legal or illegal? The power of TV in affecting emotions of its viewers can help in shaping the society. To illustrate, here is a given and realistic scenario. The seat of the Philippine government is in Manila. Some people even call it the Imperial Manila. But what about the Filipinos from Visayas and Mindanao? At this point, media enters. It is media that informs, educates and influences the people beyond the territories of Imperial Manila. It is media that transmits information about governance and politics in and about Imperial Manila. Recently, there has been an on-going word war between Senator Juan Ponce Enrile and Senator Allan Peter Cayetano. This war is in Manila, but Filipinos outside Manila come to know about this war through the media. Filipinos, then, become divided on the issue. Some may be pro-Enrile, while some may be pro-Cayetano. Their emotions drive their opinions, as influenced by the media. Elections are fast-approaching. It will be on May 13, 2013. Through the media, every Filipino becomes introduced to political candidates without actually seeing them in the flesh. Media becomes their source in formulating their opinions. Their source may lead them to make their decisions. A Filipino from Cagayan de Oro City sees a lot of campaigns on TV. He notices one candidate because of the latter’s prominence brought about by millions-worth of TV airtime. The former is illiterate. After seeing on TV for so many time this â€Å"prominent† politician, he begins to feel comfortable. On May 13, 2013, he writes down the name of this candidate because this politician comes into his mind with a lot of ease, much thanks to TV.

Art essay Essay Example for Free

Art essay Essay Essay Topic: Art , Essay Choose cite format: APA MLA Harvard Chicago ASA IEEE AMA company About StudyMoose Contact Careers Help Center Donate a Paper Legal Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy Complaints Does art imitate life – or is it the other way around? Traditionally, we have believed that art imitates life. The painter represents what he or she sees by producing a scene on a canvas. The sculptor does the same with bronze or stone. A photographer or film maker does it even more directly. A writer describes life in his or her books. This simple concept is known as mimesis. But some have questioned the one-way nature of mimesis by arguing that art also changes the way we view the world, and in fact, life sometimes imitates art rather than the other way around. The person who first articulated this belief effectively was Oscar Wilde. Speaking about the foggy conditions in London in the late 19th century, he wrote that the way we perceive them changed because of art. Referring to the â€Å"wonderful brown fogs that come creeping down our streets, blurring the gas lamps and turning houses into shadows† he argued that â€Å"poets and painters have taught [people] the loveliness of such effects†. According to Wilde, â€Å"They did not exist till Art had invented them. † [pic] And you don’t have to look too far to see anti-mimesis in our lives. To what extent is our outlook on life altered by ideas we read in books? The portrayal of people in films? The styles we see in fashion photography? One great example of this is the TV series The Sopranos, and how it affected both the Mafia in the USA and the FBI. Art’s influence on society: propaganda and censorship Throughout history, it has always been the case that art has the power to change society, especially when new media are used to express an idea. During the First World War, for example, movie cameras were used for the first time to record trench warfare – when the film was shown in cinemas in Britain, audiences ran out screaming. This led to the government censoring further such use of such a powerful medium. And in government censorship, and use of art as propaganda, we see how seriously governments take the effect of art. All of the major dictators of the C20th understood the power of art to influence the population. In Nazi Germany, Hitler set up the Ministry of Propaganda and National Enlightenment. It was headed by Goebbels, who made sure that nothing was published, performed, or exhibited without his approval. [pic]When this happens, you know there isn’t going to be a happy ending And what Goebbels approved, of course, only fit in with Nazi ideology and ideas. In terms of art, this meant no modern and abstract art, certainly nothing hostile to the regime, and nothing that featured images other than the stereotypical blonde-haired, blue eyed set in idyllic pastoral scenes of blissful happiness. [pic] [pic] In Stalinist Russia, there was also a keen understanding of the power of art. Art portrayed contented peasants, industrious workers, and Stalin himself. In fact, Stalin was shown god-like in many paintings, a phenomenon known as the Cult of Stalin. Just as in Germany, gigantic architectural projects expressed the power of the state. [pic] [pic] However, there is no doubt that in Russia there were greater artistic achievements than in Nazi Germany. Composers worked with fewer hindrances – as seen in the works by Prokoviev and Shostakovich, and film-makers such as Eisenstein emerged. Art’s influence on society: the trial of Lady Chatterley’s Lover But even under less oppressive governments, the artistic expression of certain ideas can be subject to control. One great example is the book ‘Lady Chatterley’s Lover’ by DH Lawrence, which was deemed offensive on many levels. In this book, Constance Reid, a woman from a progressive liberal middle class family marries a minor member of the aristocracy, Lord Clifford Chatterley, and takes the title ‘Lady Chatterley’. But her husband is injured in the First World War, confined to a wheelchair, and left impotent. Despite this, he becomes a successful writer and businessman. It is more his obsession with financial success and fame rather than any physical difficulties which come between him and his wife, and she begins an affair with their gamekeeper, Oliver Mellors. The largely aristocratic ‘establishment’ of Britain at the time – the book was published in Italy in 1928 – were shocked by many aspects of the book. First, there was the fact that the book was ‘obscene’, in the way it went into explicit detail the affair that took place (see below). Second, there was the fact that a women was breaking her marriage vows, something considered far worse than a man behaving in the same way. Finally, it represented an intimate relationship between a member of the ‘lower’ classes (although it emerges during the story that Mellors is actually well-educated, and became an officer in the army during the First World War) and the ‘upper’ classes, a concept that was totally taboo in Britain at that time. The book was duly banned. [pic] But the book was republished by Penguin books in 1960. The attorney general, Reginald Manningham-Buller (dubbed ‘Bullying-Manners’ by the journalist and author Bernard Levin) had to read only four chapters to decide to prosecute Penguin books for publishing it. What annoyed him was not just the content, but the fact that the price of the book meant it was affordable to women and members of the lower classes (remember that only few women worked at this time, and husbands were generally in charge of family finances). The trial was a disaster for Manningham-Buller and the prosecution. They had failed to find any experts to support their case, in stark contrast to Penguin’s defence team, which had brought in authors, journalists, academics, and even members of the clergy to defend the book. Manningham-Buller and his team had very little idea of what Lawrence had been trying to express in his book, regularly being caught out by the superior insight of the witnesses they were trying to catch out. And although they tried to shock the jury – in his opening speech, Manningham-Buller announced: â€Å"The word ‘fuck’ or ‘fucking’ appears no less than 30 times . . . ‘Cunt’ 14 times; ‘balls’ 13 times; ‘shit’ and ‘arse’ six times apiece; ‘cock’ four times; ‘piss’ three times, and so on. † – they were unable to prove that the book would have a negative influence on the readers it was aimed at. According to the Guardian: No other jury verdict in British history has had such a deep social impact. Over the next three months Penguin sold 3m copies of the book – an example of what many years later was described as â€Å"the Spycatcher effect†, by which the attempt to suppress a book through unsuccessful litigation serves only to promote huge sales. The jury – that iconic representative of democratic society – had given its imprimatur to ending the taboo on sexual discussion in art and entertainment. Within a few years the stifling censorship of the theatre by the lord chamberlain had been abolished, and a gritty realism emerged in British cinema and drama. (Saturday Night and Sunday Morning came out at the same time as the unexpurgated Lady Chatterley, and very soon Peter Finch was commenting on Glenda Jackson’s â€Å"tired old tits† in Sunday Bloody Sunday and Ken Tynan said the first â€Å"fuck† on the BBC. ) Homosexuality was decriminalised, abortions were available on reasonable demand, and in order to obtain a divorce it was unnecessary to prove that a spouse had committed the â€Å"matrimonial crime† of adultery. Judges no longer put on black caps to sentence prisoners to hang by the neck until dead. Can we say, though, that it was art in this case that changed society, or was it an interaction between human sciences (ie, the law) and the arts (the book) that led to change? This is from the same Guardian article: †¦the message of Lady Chatterley’s Lover, half a century after the trial, is that literature in itself does no harm at all. The damage that gets attributed to books – and to plays and movies and cartoons – is caused by the actions of people who try to suppress them. See: â€Å"The trial of Lady Chatterley’s Lover† The effect of art: presentation [pic] What other piece of art has profoundly changed the way we view the world? And was it the art that did it, or the way it was used that made the impact? Use the link below to help you introduce to us an influential piece of art. Think about the type of change it wrought, for example, ethical, social, metaphysical, etc. Art essay. (2017, Jun 01).

BRAPS Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

BRAPS - Coursework Example It is focusing on developing branches in rural areas as well (Barclays.com- About Us, 2011). The main products offered by the company include commercial banking, retail banking, private equity, investment management, and investment banking. They have also introduced the latest service of trading iShares (Barclays.com- Products and Services, 2011). Barclays is managed by Marcus Agius, the team director who joined the company’s board in 2006 replacing Mathew Barrett as chairperson in 2007 (Barclays.com- About Us, 2011). The Barclays Vision is dedicated to being the international premier financial and banking services. They focus on obtaining superior financial and functional outcomes while keeping the international business standard. These unchanging anticipations offer the basis for our dedication to those with whom we associate. Barclays’ mission statement is to be creative, client-based Group, which delivers excellent products and services, make sure superb careers for our people, and participate actively to the society in which we work and live (Barclays.com- Executing our Strategy, 2011). Barclays bank has more than 2000 UK high street branches along with the Woolwich branches. Internationally, Barclays has more than 5200 branches with most 24/7 cash machine that can be used by Barclays clients as well as other customers at a fee. There are around 150,000 employees working at Barclays throughout the world. Barclays has an international market share as well as the local market share. This is an international corporation and, therefore, it operates worldwide. The financial data for the year 2010 is that the company boosted of 31.440 billion pounds, while their operating income was 6.065 billion pounds (Barclays.com – Annual report, 2011). The top competitors of Barclay bank include American Express Company, Capital One Financial Corporation, and Alliances Data Systems Corporation.

Script Adaptation Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Script Adaptation - Coursework Example She gesticulates very actively and addresses the audience. Her eyes are constantly moving as if the girl is asking someone from the audience to help her and take her from this dull life. Bridget stretches her hands to the sky and tells that she hates seeing her mother phoning the list of people who had died. The decorations are changed when Bridget’s mother appears on the stage. There are more dark colours now. This is closely connected with the women’s relation to death. During the conversation between two people a calm but alerting music is playing. These sounds give the feeling that something awful or strange will happen soon. The girl asks her mother to give up phoning the list. Bridged embraces and kisses her mother. Her gestures are very gentle. She should do everything that may show her passion towards mother. The latter stays calm and says that she is not planning to stop phoning the list of dead people. Bridged tells that these things affect their relationship in the family; the girl turns aside and bursts out crying. Her mother leaves. More lights appear on the stage after her disappearance. In a few seconds a stranger in black coat comes to Bridget, touches her hand and tells that Archie Shearer killed Jennifer MacDonnell. There is a silent scene after these words. Works Cited Coady, Lynn. Strange Heaven. Canada: Goose Lane Editions, 2010.

Writing Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Writing Assignment - Essay Example This paper will critically analyze the book Frankenstein by Shelley on the teachings of the actions we take whether they are justifiable and redeemable in our current world. At the end of the book, the creature promises to destroy himself. This is highly not justifiable for this creature. The creature reasoning as to commit suicide is as a result it had the feelings of human nature. The creature felt mistreated and segregated. The main driving force was the realization that Frankenstein his own creator had abandoned him. In search to kill the creator the creature came to Frankenstein had died, it felt lonely as that was the family he ever knew was all gone, (Shelly p 68). The moral teaching is that everyone needs to have a sense of belonging. The creature lacked this love and therefore had to react this way. The creature could have been redeemed. The creature had no harm to any other living organisms like the plants and birds of the air. The creature had some sense of humor. Despite having destroyed the Frankenstein’s family. The creature didn’t cause any physical or psychological harm Robert Walton, (Shelly p 69). Frankenstein as seen in the Shelly novel, he created a creature and abandoned the creature without having taken fully responsibility of his creation. This relates very well to the many things that need our attention and jokingly we neglect them. In relation to the world this can as well be related to the irresponsible parents who bear children and fail to bring them up in the right quality life. These kind of neglected individuals are frustrated and have no true meaning of life. When these children grow up and realize what happened in their early life, the first victims are the parents, (Shelly p 22). The parents will have to pay the price for having neglected their uncontrollable children who then end up in crime. The issue of

Project Assignment week 5 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Project week 5 - Assignment Example Name of design pattern: Data access object Classification: Design Problem: The problem that will be got is that the users will be exposed to complex working and operation of the program. This should not be the case as the users should only access simple interface without any much complications of the system. Solution: The solution that will be applied in the system is the use of DAO pattern. In the system, the use cases who will be involved include making an online purchase, making an online inquiry, and making payment. The use case diagram below show the use cases which will need the use of this design pattern in our case. Consequences The first design pattern that will be used is that of the data access object. Data access object is a design pattern that is used to hide the complexity of the program for the user. Users are not supposed to get the details of how the program has been developed. This is where the data access object comes in. The DAO helps data access mechanisms to be able to change without depending on the code that makes use of the data. It is tasked with the management of the connection to the source of data in order to get or retrieve the data. This design pattern helps users to access what they are supposed to access. Real world example: There are applications that are used in the world today that make use of DAO. An example is Facebook which makes use of this design pattern to hide the working of the system in the background and present the users with a simple interface. Design pattern: Dispatcher pattern Classification: Design Problem: There is a problem when passing messages in a hierarchical model of software architectures that are found in the world today. There is a need to have a communication between the objects that are found in the same tier. Solution: The use of dispatcher pattern helps to send communication messages between objects which are found in the same tier. In the ANDC system, there will be the use of the same use cases l ike that of DAO. Consequences The dispatcher is a design pattern that is used to give the requests of the client to the proper party object that is found on the same level of tiers. The client requests are essential issues that come into play when designing the user interface and large programs. It is important to take care of requests from the client. Both data access object and dispatcher are two design patterns that deal with the users. They are design patterns that concern how the data and users will interact with the system. The difference between these two design patterns is that data access pattern is concerned with users and data. It is more concerned with the integrity of the data. This is unlike dispatcher which is tasked with how requests are handled. It is, therefore, more oriented to the user than the data or how the program operates (Papp 2001). Design pattern: Factory design pattern Classification: Design Problem: There is a problem of having the same collection of ob jects that can be instantiated together. There is a need to have a collection of these objects so that they can be instantiated together. Solution The solution to this problem is that similar objects will be collected and instantiated together. A design pattern that will undertake this process was designed. The actors that will be involved in the design include the customer, ANDC staff, and administrators. There are common tasks that will be undertaken by these groups. The diagram will include all the

Annotated Bibiograpgies of 6 SPANISH works Bibliography

Bibiograpgies of 6 SPANISH works - Annotated Bibliography Example El fama mas destacado de Dario esta derivado de estos tres. Sin embargo, Azul, reconocido como la obra que mas defina el movimiento modernista, es una coleccion de prosa y verso que representa la interpretacion de Dario. Esta intepretacion incluye principios artisticos de la escuela de parnassismo frances. Este enfoque en el parnassismo frances incluye restriccion, objetividad, y descripcion precisa, en su lengua nativa. Con sus temas y sintaxis directo, las escrituras en Azul reanimen a la literatura espanola. Desde su titulo enigmatico a la estructura de de la obra, que consiste de historias y poemas, es la obra mas representativa del periodo modernista. Ya esta aceptado que con esta coleccion de poesia, Dario se ha dado un nuevo sentido y ritmo a la lengua espanola. Su obra Azul es una parte de trabajo que de veras merece reconocimiento ancho. Annotated Bibliography (cont'd) Franco, Jean. An Introduction to Spanish-American Literature. 3rd ed. Cambridge University Press, 1995. sta es una edicin revisada, actualizada de la obra clsica de Jean Franco que se llama Introduction to Spanish-American Literature. Primero publicada en 1969, esta obra se ha sido recomendada mucho puesto que ese tiempo. El alcance de esta obra se extiende a partir de las pocas coloniales hasta hoy en dia. Los captulos posteriores fueron refundidos radicalmente para tomar cuenta de la mayora de los recientes desarrollos en literatura y crticas. Las traducciones inglesas se proporcionan para las citas espaolas en el texto, y las listas de lectura extensivamente actualizadas de material primario y secundario. Estas listas se refieren no slo a los textos espaoles pero tambin, donde disponibles, para las ediciones en ingls. En su...Con sus temas y sintaxis directo, las escrituras en Azul reanimen a la literatura espanola. sta es una edicin revisada, actualizada de la obra clsica de Jean Franco que se llama Introduction to Spanish-American Literature. Primero publicada en 1969, esta obra se ha sido recomendada mucho puesto que ese tiempo. El alcance de esta obra se extiende a partir de las pocas coloniales hasta hoy en dia. Los captulos posteriores fueron refundidos radicalmente para tomar cuenta de la mayora de los recientes desarrollos en literatura y crticas. Las traducciones inglesas se proporcionan para las citas espaolas en el texto, y las listas de lectura extensivamente actualizadas de material primario y secundario. Estas listas se refieren no slo a los textos espaoles pero tambin, donde disponibles, para las ediciones en ingls. En su estudio importante, Jean Franco dedica su introduccin a la literatura de Amrica espaola. Esta cubierto el periodo entre la Conquista y circa 1750, y dentro de sa, da el apenas un por ciento de su paginacion al tratamiento de la literatura indgena. Desde la publicacin de este libro, sin embargo, la nocin de las obras literarias hispanoamericanas ha alterado drsticamente y la

Recruitment and Selection Strategy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Recruitment and Selection Strategy - Assignment Example This research will begin with the duties and tasks of a sales manager. The major duty of a sales manager is to establish goals for the sales team and to come up with plans to achieve them. He should come up with innovative strategic methods to increase the market base and market share. It will be the duty of the sales manager to take an active role in recruiting and forming new sales team. He shall provide the adequate training and educational programs that they need. The sales manager should be able to adapt to the global standards and manage the budget for his department by minimizing expenditures. He should be able to adapt to utilizing online sales support system. He should be able to strongly understand the customer and market dynamics and their requirements. He will directly report to the Sales Director and submit the sales report every month. He will discuss the goals set and his strategy for the future market with the sales director. Monitors the performance of each Account E xecutive, analyzes their strengths and weaknesses, and provide them with appropriate feedback and tips for further improvement. He shall establish programs to motivate the accountant executives. The manager will make appropriate presentations and reports regarding products and sales performance to clients and executives. He should have 3-5 years experience in sales management with excellent oral and communication skills. He should have the ability to lead, guide, and motivate a diverse sales team. Also, he must be willing to be exposed to global divisions. A proven leadership and ability to drive sales teams is a chief requirement. This study will present most effective methods of attracting applicants. As indicated earlier, job posting refers to the practice of publicizing an open job to employees (often by literally posting it on bulletin boards) and listing its attributes, such as criteria of knowledge, qualification, skill, and experience. The purpose of posting vacancies is to bring to the attention of all interested persons (inside or out of the organization) the jobs that are to be filled. Selected attributes of the job, for example, skill or experience, will change; There are sufficient qualified, potential applicants serving in other positions within the organization who may be potential candidates for that job. Also necessary is the availability of a functional human resource information system that supports recruitment. An effective, computerized system [for medium and large scale] would: flag imminent vacancies throughout the organization to ensure that the recruitment process is timely; ensure that no candidates are lost but, instead, move through the process and are kept informed of their status; ensure that good candidate whose applications are pending are kept in touch to maintain their interest in the organization; assist in analyzing hiring, transfer and exit trends and provide other data that are helpful in planning, evaluating and auditing the recruitment process; identify any adverse impacts of the recruitment process on vulnerable groups (for example minorities, especially where Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action legislation exists);; As the sales manager position requires better understanding about the companies market goals, principles, and strategies, it would be better to look for internal candidates also who are more experienced and are having sufficient potential to perform the job.  

Short story Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Short story - Essay Example Angelina was a lucky girl to have her. Angelina was only two years old when the accident happened. Mrs. Kevin was a mother as well as a father for Angelina. However, this fact cannot be negated that every person has a separate place in his life. Angelina, in spite of her mother’s overly care and love, missed her father a lot and tried to find fatherly association with the colleagues and friends of her mother. When she was a child, she used to closely look at the bondage of her friends’ fathers to their daughters in order to understand their relationships with their daughters. After looking at their relationships, she used to come to her mother and ask about her father. As an orphaned child, she always missed her father. This continuous deficiency made her an introvert due to which, people used to consider her as a shy girl. She got threatened and depressed soon as compared to other girls of her age. She was quite talented but whenever, she was required to face people, she always backed off. One day, she came to her mother and said, From the next day, Angelina started getting ready for the play. She took part in rehearsals and was really liked by the teachers. However, according to some of the teachers, she lacked confidence and for acting on stage, it was essential. Mrs. Elizabeth encouraged her to act and speak confidently. At last, the day came, when she was required to act on stage. When she appeared on stage as Desdemona, she at once got depressed seeing the audience. Her mother was also a part of the audience who clapped for her appearance on stage. Angelina was unable to speak a single dialogue and stayed in a trance for some time. She was taken back stage for two to three minutes where her teacher talked to her and convinced her to act. When she gave her second appearance, she started delivering her dialogues with such eloquence and confidence that everyone in the audience was amazed and appreciated her. Her mother was also proud of her.

Fitzgerald the Misogynist Essay Example for Free

Fitzgerald the Misogynist Essay At first, the female characters in Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby seemed to be rather dissimilar. Daisy was the angelic and innocent beauty, Jordan was the androgynous golfer, and Myrtle was the sensuous and vivacious seductress. One was from the holy heavens above, another from the sinful depths below, and the last from the neutral in between. Seems like a good balance, however, as the story progresses, we see more and more that the angle is a fallen one, and that the human is a demon in disguise. All three women in this novel use men in some form to get what they want. Looking at the depictions of the female sex in this novel, I believe that, yes, Fitzgerald was a misogynist. Daisy is a careless siren who uses everything given to her by birth to win what she loves, namely attention, adoration, and social status. The only thing that will give her the three is wealth, and the only thing that can give her wealth is Tom Buchanan. Despite having supposedly change her mine (Fitzgerald 74) just prior to their wedding, Daisy still married Tom Buchanan without so much as a shiver (75), and very eagerly uses her new-found money and power to buy her way to the top. It is evident that, from Daisys point of view, true love cannot compare to the money and adulation she craves. Upon her reunion with Gatsby, the first in five years, she breaks down into tears because shes never seen suchbeautiful shirts before (89). The beautiful shirts owned by Gatsby have proven to Daisy that he is even wealthier than Tom, and this fact sends Daisy into a deep lament. That is, if she had just stayed with Gatsby from the beginning, shed be receiving even more attention and adoration than the already considerable amount she possesses at present because Gatsby could have offered her even more than the immense fortune she already holds. Poor, poor girl. Jordan is the least female of the three females, and I believe this is the reason why Fitzgerald did not have her meet an untimely death, destroy familial relations, or come to any other end she could have at the mercy of a woman-hater. Jordan is representative of the wives and daughters who emerged from WWI as androgynous, self-esteemed, and slightly misandric new women. When Nick first meets Jordan, she was perceived as balancing something on it [her chin] which was quite likely to fall (14). Though it is  not directly stated, I think Jordan is balancing men on her chin. New women like Jordan dont need men, and thus they must use men to prove just that. Myrtle is the home wrecker of the novel. As a direct result of her affair with Tom, she gets herself killed, which leads Wilson into shooting Gatsby, which obviously puts an end to the Gatsby and Daisy affair, the result of which leaves Nick disgusted and breaks it off with Jordan. Besides ruining the lives of everyone around her, Myrtle also meets the most tragic end of all the females in the novel. She is killed on impact in a gruesome car accident, while both Daisy and Jordan are at least left with the prospect of a fresh start. I believe this is because Myrtle is the most feminine of the three. Nick describes her as sensuous, and despite possessing no facet or gleam of beauty, there was an immediate perceptible vitality about her as if the nerves of her body were continually smouldering (28). If Fitzgerald was not a misogynist, then how could someone whose vice is simply being too much of a woman deserve an end as graphic as a left breast hanging loose like a flap (131)?This nove l is certainly not one of happily ever afters, and I believe the fact that women are portrayed as the causes of all the tragedies within this novel is reason enough to proclaim Fitzgerald as a misogynist.

The Shawshank Redemption Essay Example for Free

The Shawshank Redemption Essay The following paper will focus on the ethical issues that occurred in the 1994 film Shawshenk Redemption directed by Frank Darabont. Focus will be made on specific scenes that represent clear ethical violations of not only the criminal justice system, but as well as the corrections system here in America during the 1940’s through the 1960’s. Several ethical issues involving Andy Dufrense, the main character, arise involving him, his friends (other inmates), the guards, and the warden. Ethical principals of concern and importance identified and portrayed in the film are as follows: financial loop holes for guards, creating false accounts, slave labor, abuse of power, and money laundering, and murder. Shawshenk Redemption focuses around Andy Dufresne, a banker wrongfully convicted of two murders; his wife and her lover in 1947. Andy is sentenced to two consecutive life sentences at Shawshenk Prison, in Maine. Once at the prison Andy becomes best friends with another inmate named Red. Red has been in prison for a long time and is repeatedly denied parole again and again. Chief Guard Bradley is another important character. He is the head guard at the prison who evokes fear in the inmates and frankly treats the inmates like animals. Ultimately the most important character when it comes to the topics of ethics is the Warden at Shawshenk Prison, Samuel Norton. When Andy fist meets the Warden, he tells Andy there are two principals in the prison, the bible and the Warden. â€Å"I believe in two things; discipline and the Bible. Here you’ll receive both. Put your trust in the Lord. Your ass belongs to me. Welcome to Shawshank† (Warden Samuel Norton). Andy was an accountant before he was falsely convicted and he was able to get respect from the guards and the warden because he was able to give financial advice. The power that he gained by giving financial advice he used for good, not evil. Andy was able to obtain library books for the inmates’ and build on the prisons library. Andy was an honest, decent man that tried to make life bearable in prison. Andy states in the movie, â€Å"On the outside, I was an honest man, straight as an arrow. I had to come to prison to become a crook†. Andy was violently beaten and sodomized several times by a group of men in the prison called, The Sisters, before the Chief Guard Bradley and Warden Norton found out about his financial background and frankly the â€Å"worth† of Andy. Once they were aware of his financial background and how it could benefit them, Chief Guard violently attacked the leader of The Sisters and demanded they never bother Andy again. Andy had protection, and once Andy realized this, he then began to use his power for documenting false reports for Warden Norton. Of course, Warden Norton was unaware that Andy was keeping a second set of books. Andy was in fact laundering money into an account only he had access too. Yes, Andy used his power to help the inmates build up their prison library by getting books. He assisted a young inmate in getting his GED. Andy also uses the Wardens financial schemes to build a case to bring him and the entire corrupt prison down. To me, the money laundering is payback for the years he falsely sat in prison. Andy’s best friend, Red, is the leader of their little group in prison. As an older man, he has adjusted to immorality of prison life. He sees the suffering and wrong doing of the other inmates, Chief Guard Bradley, and he seems to understand the evil power of the Warden and does what he has to do to survive in prison. He is a good guy and a good friend and his only downfall seems to be cigarettes, posters, and magazines from outside of the prison. All of those items are considered contraband and are illegal in any prison. Red laughs when Andy asks him to obtain a pick hammer and a poster of Rita Hayworth. Andy needs these items for his great escape however Red has no idea about it. Red’s freedom comes by skipping parole. Red, like Andy, abuses how power with people in a more positive way, He helps others have a more bearable time in prison amongst total chaos and corruption. Red committing the small unethical act of skipping parole was on rder to fulfill the greater food, seeing his friend Andy and living a good life of freedom. Chief Guard Bradley abused his power to instill fear and the respect he thought he deserved as the head guard in the prison. It was necessary for him or his staff to commit the crimes they did against the inmates. He committed most of his unethical acts in order to gain the respect, not of the inmates, but of Warden Norton. Warden Norton has to be, without a doubt, the most unethical character in the movie. I guess that should be expected since he was the character with the most power. He allows the guards to beat and intimidate the inmates and uses prison labor for public works. He received kickbacks from this scheme which unbeknownst to him, Andy sets up in his name in a secret account. I feel the most unethical thing Warden Norton did was commit murder. The inmate that Andy helped get his GED, presented evidence that his former prison cell mate committed the murders of Andy’s wife and her lover; not Andy. Warden Norton needed Andy, and he feared he would be found out about the kickbacks. He needed Andy financially, so the inmate with the information to free Andy had to die. Even in the face of fear, Warden Norriton uses his power to keep Andy in his place. Ethical Implications It seems as though Shawshank Prison functioned as a hierarchy of ethics. If the top leader, the warden, is unethical, it seems to stream down in a scandal of unethical actions by many. If the leadership in any organization is unethical, many will function unethically in order to stay in their positions. Recognizing unethical behavior can sometimes not be easy; people try to rationalize and try to justify their actions as excuses for their behavior.

Ionic Sieving Properties of Graphene Oxide (GO) Membranes

Ionic Sieving Properties of Graphene Oxide (GO) Membranes ABSTRACT: We characterized the ionic sieving properties of graphene oxide (GO) membranes by performing classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The Lerf-Klinowski model is used for GO nanosheets structure. The Optimized Potentials for Liquid Simulations for all atoms (OPLS-AA) force field is used for GO potential. The SPC/E model is used for water molecules. We show that GO membranes can act as reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, although the water flow in GO membranes is hundred times faster than RO membranes. In this work two important factors in ionic sieving process are studied. First the GO layers separation and second the pressure of water. Each simulation runs until at least half of the water molecules are desalinated. The water flux, permeability, salt rejection, potential of mean force (PMF), and radial distribution function (RDF) are measured. We show that the GO membranes can be the appropriate choice for desalination of seawater in future due to the simplicity in produc tion, low cost, fast water flow, and great ion rejection ability. By 2030 nearly half the global population could be facing water scarcity, with demand outstripping supply by 40 percent, said United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon.Over 97% of the water on the Earth is saline water and only three percent is fresh water and about two thirds of this fresh water is frozen.So in the near future the only way to provide fresh water is desalination of seawater. There are common ways to desalinate seawater like reverse osmosis (RO) or methods based on distillation. In the RO method an applied pressure is used to overcome natural osmotic pressure so water passes through a semi-permeable membrane leaving salt behind. In the Distillation methods seawater is evaporated and then condensed to produce freshwater. Both methods require a lot of energy and are very costly. Recently nanotube-based membranes and graphene-based membranes have attracted many interests for their potential in water desalination due to their high permeability and great ion rejection. Although these membranes have a great theoretical advantages, the problem of synthesis and fabrication is a major challenge for producing cost effective membranes. Graphene oxide (GO) is a chemical derivative of graphene with several functional groups such as epoxide and hydroxyl that is produced from graphite by the Hummers method. GO has been synthesized and fabricated in the forms of papers and films in the industrial-scale. Functional groups and layers separation of GO membranes can optimized simply during synthesis process to achieve best performance for desalination. In the GO membranes, water molecules permeate through the nanochannels between oxidized regions (pristine regions), which are provided by the hydrophobicity of functional groups. Particles that have a smaller size than the GO nanochannels can permeate in the GO membrane with speed orders of magnitude greater than common membranes. Dry GO membranes have a layers separation of ~5 ±1 angstroms which only lets water vapor molecules permeate through the nanochannels. When a GO membrane is immersed in water, it is swelled so the layers separation is increased to ~12 ±1 angstroms. Na+ is the smallest ion in the saline water which has a hydrated diameter of à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¾9 Ã…. Therefore after swelling of the membrane, small ions such as Na+ can permeate easier which leads to reduction of ion rejection. Several methods have been tried to prevent swelling of GO membranes, such as physical confinement, and crosslinking of nanosheets In this paper we present a next generation of ultrathin membranes which have remarkable abilities like high permeability, good ion rejection, and great resistance to blockage. Furthermore the simple and cheap methods for synthesis of GO membranes make them energy efficient. We performed Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using the large-scale atomic molecular massively parallel simulator (LAMMPS).The VMD and OVITO were used for analysis and visualization. All simulations were carried out in NVT ensemble with a Nosà ©-Hoover thermostat and a damping constant of 10 femtoseconds. The equations of motion were integrated with a time step of 1 femtosecond using the velocity-verlet algorithm. The periodic boundary conditions (PBC) were applied for all three directions. The all-atom optimized potential for liquid simulations (OPLS-AA) is used for graphene oxide (GO) and salt ions.This potential contains many-body terms, including bond stretching, bond angle bending, van der Waals, and electrostatic interactions. In addition, OPLS uses a geometric combining rule for the Lennard-Jones coefficients. The extended simple point charge model (SPC/E) is used for water molecules, following previous studies on similar systems. The force field parameters are given in the table S1 to table S4 completely (see supporting information). The SHAKE algorithm is applied for water molecules to reduce high frequency vibrations that require shorter time steps. The interaction between water and GO includes both van der Waals and electrostatic terms. The van der Waals forces are truncated at 1.0 nm, and the long-range Coulomb interactions are computed by using the particle-particle particle-mesh (PPPM) algorithm. As it is seen in the figure S1 (see supporting information), in our model of GO, both hydroxyl and epoxide groups are considered, following the Lerfà ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Klinowski model that is the most well-known model for GO. The structure of the single sheet of GO was considered as 1.5ÃÆ'-3 nm2 containing 18 epoxide and 25 hydroxyl groups. The oxygen functional groups were distributed on both sides of GO sheet. The single sheet of GO contains 206 carbon atoms and 43 oxygen atoms. Therefore, the ratio of C/O is about 4.8 which is in consistent with the Lerfà ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Klinowski model. The size of simulation box in the x, y and z directions were about 17, 37 and 11 nm respectively. For preventing the membrane from movement, carbon atoms in the edges of the sheets were fixed. In the first step, a membrane was designed with 13 GO sheets and two layers according to the GO membranes structure proposed in previous studies. Distance between the edges was considered 2 nm. Figure S2 shows the designed membrane (see supporting information). Simulations were carried out for multiple values of layers separation from 7 to 8.5 angstroms with increment of 0.5 angstroms. For each choice of layers separation, three simulations were run for different nominal water pressures of 500 atm, 1000 atm, and 2000 atm. These numbers are nominal pressures but in the feed side of simulation box using voronoi atom volume estimation, feed pressure determined as 600 atm, 980 atm, and 1600 atm. Water pressure on the feed side of the membrane was enforced by applying specified and uniform forces in the z-direction to the piston atoms, thus ensuring that the water pressure was kept constant. Figure S3 shows the membrane with the layers separation of 8.5 angstroms, water, salt ions, and the piston (see supporting information). In the Figure S3a after 0.1 ns water molecules are in the pressure of 2000 atm and in the Figure S3b after 14 ns, we have 94 percent salt rejection and more than half of water molecules purified. In our simulations, saltwater was generated on the feed side of the membrane, consisted of 4800 water molecules and 52 Na+/Clà ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ pairs, corresponding to a salt concentration of 35.5 g/L, which is close to the normal salinity of seawater (~35 g/L). Figure 1a shows the flux of water (volume per unit of time per area) passing through the membrane as a function of applied pressure and layers separation. In our simulations, we had to use high pressures in compare to typical pressures that is needed for desalination, because we have a time scale limit in molecular dynamics. We can solve this problem with calculating permeability (volume per unit of time per area per pressure) of membrane that is shown in figure 1b. Another possible method is extrapolating the graphs in figure 1a to low pressures like 10 atm, so we can reach to appropriate flux due to approximately linear relation (R2=0.99). In figure 1b it is obvious that with increasing the layers separation, the membrane permeability increases linearly (R2=0.98). As it is expected the numbers for membrane permeability are in consistent with other reports.Figure 1c shows salt rejection for the membranes with different layers separation and different water pressures. Salt passage wa s calculated from proportion of filtered salt ions number at time t (t is the time that half of the water molecules passed from membrane) to initial salt ions number in the feed side. So we have salt rejection = (1 salt passage). As it is seen in the figure 1c, with increasing the pressure or layers separation, salt rejection reduces which is expected. It is clear that with using lower water pressures like 10 atm, we can achieve higher ion rejection. Figure 2a shows the number of water molecules versus time in the membrane part. For each value of separation there is a limit for number of water molecules that can be in the membrane. In the simulations with higher pressures, the membrane gets filled faster as it is shown in figure 2b. Furthermore in longer times (about 15 ns) the separation value controls the number of water molecules in the membrane. Therefore, without attention to the water pressure, anyway the membrane is filled with water completely. Figure 3 indicates number of filtered water molecules against time. The graphs are plotted at the time that half of the water molecules are desalinated. According to the figure 3b, it is obvious that after about 5 ns the membrane is filled approximately. So we can see a stable flow due to linear relationship between filtered molecules and time. Figure 3a shows water flow for different layers separation and figure 3b shows water flow for different pressures in constant separation value. Figure 4 is the 3D color map for potential of mean force (PMF) for a particle passing through two sheets of GO. The PMF was calculated from steered molecular dynamics (SMD). We used harmonic potential U = K(x à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ x0)2/2, where K is 20 Kcal/mole-angstrom2 and end of spring moving with velocity of 0.00005 angstrom/femtosecond that is enough for reversible pulling. For checking the reversible pulling, the SMD was performed in X direction and -X direction at same width, but the results were same. Also using umbrella sampling and weighted histogram analysis method (WHAM) give us the same results as SMD for PMF calculation. For creating each PMF map, 30 simulations were performed to cover all of the GO layers width. We have done these simulations for 3 different layers separation. So we have a PMF map that shows barriers and valleys of energy all over the GO layers completely. In figure 4a, 4b, and 4c the PMF are plotted for Cl ion that passing from one side of GO layers to another side. In each path, Cl ion sees many barriers that prevent from movement of the ions. Also the ions can stuck in the valleys of energy between the barriers. Figure 4d, 4e, and 4f show PMF map for Na ion. In comparison to Cl ion, the barriers are shorter and valleys have a higher depth. So the Na ions in the valleys can move out with lower energy than Cl ions. PMF for H2O molecule in figure 4g, 4h, and 4i are shown. Flat surfaces indicate easy movement of H2O molecules across GO layers without encountering any barriers or valleys. As we can see in all of the plots, with increasing the layers separation, height of barriers and depth of valleys are reduced so the ions and water molecules move easier. Figure 5 shows salt concentration in the three part of feed, membrane, and filtered against time. In figure 5a the simulation is selected with layers separation of 8 angstroms and pressure of 2000 atmosphere. At the first of all simulations the salt concentration is 35.5 g/lit in the feed part which is same as sea water salinity. Salt concentration of feed part is slightly increased until reach to 90 g/lit at the time that half of the water molecules are desalinated. In the filtered part there are some peaks showing passage of ions through membrane. After the each peak, the salt concentration is reduced until the next peak because of passing water molecules from membrane into filtered part. Salt concentration in the membrane part fluctuates around the mean value of 17 g/lit until the end of simulation. So this fluctuation is enough to ensure that the membrane blockage does not occur even in higher salt concentrations like 90 g/lit. In figure 5b the layers separation is 8.5 angstroms with the water pressure of 2000 atmosphere. As we can see the behavior of plots is similar to figure 5a except number of peaks in the filtered part. Figure S4 indicates radial distribution function (RDF) for water and functional groups in GO layers (see supporting information). Figure S4a shows correlation between oxygen and hydrogen in water. Figure S4b presents RDF between oxygen in water and hydrogen in hydroxyl groups. Figure S4c shows RDF between hydrogen in water and oxygen in hydroxyl groups. Figure S4d shows correlation between hydrogen in water and oxygen of epoxide groups. The first peak in all of the plots in figure S4 shows length of hydrogen bond. As we can see in the figure the longest hydrogen bond is belong to hydrogen of water and oxygen of epoxide. We show that nanometer-scale pores in single-layer freestanding graphene can effectively filter NaCl salt from water. Using classical molecular dynamics, we report the desalination performance of such membranes as a function of pore size, chemical functionalization, and applied pressure.

Fuedalism and the Organization of the Fuedal System Essay example -- e

When Charlemagne died in 814, Western Europe was left in chaos with no strong leaders or tribes able to provide the peace and stability necessary for civilization to advance. As a result there was no central government, no stable form of protection for people's life or property and so the people of Western Europe decided to turn to feudalism for that protection. Feudalism was a loosely organized system of rule in which powerful local lords divided their land among the lower lords. The Feudal System was introduced to England following the invasion and conquest of the country. The system had been used in France by the Normans from the time they first settled there in about 900AD. It was a simple, but effective system, where all land was owned by the King. One quarter was kept by the King as his personal property, some was given to the church and the rest was leased out under strict controls. Nobles are lords. The Noble’s role was to battle for power. Warfare was the way of life. They trained from boyhood to become a knight. Peasants made up most of the population. They work...

Promotion and Pricing Analysis Paper :: essays research papers

Dodge Chrysler The Dodge brothers (John and Horace) got their start making parts for Ford and other automobile makers. From the first Dodge Brothers automobile in 1914, the Dodge brothers' durability and quality have earned the Dodge Company a strong reputation and good sales. After the death of both Dodge brothers, the company started selling 1.5 ton trucks. The postwar Dodge trucks were introduced at the same time as GM and Ford trucks, Dodge managed to beat both those larger companies in sales. In 1971, dodge introduced its "Lifestyle" trucks, designed to meet the needs of families who used them mainly for towing trailers on vacations but also for harsh towing jobs in general. It was rugged, yet comfortable to ride in and not too hard to drive. Recently Daimler Benz, maker of the Mercedes Benz, buys Chrysler. Chrysler customers are not sure whether they should remain loyal to the vehicles they grew up with, or buy another car not manufactured by the German. When the new better looking, better handling, more reliable models come out, they got over it pretty quick. Promotion Dodge has revamped their marketing strategy and tactics since Daimler Benz bought the company. Dodge use to promote family vehicles that were reliable, affordable and mainly workhorses with not much style or class. Dodge now provides the exact same image with increased reliability and much more style and class than other brands for the same affordable price. Dodge conducts the majority of their promotions threw television but have also done radio, print, Internet and publicity. An example of a television promotion would be when a middle class couple are leaving their average family home with children and are very well dressed on their way to a fabulous night out on the town in style and luxury. They arrive at an obviously expensive restaurant and valet park their Dodge Ram Quad Cab. This promotion portrays the image that even a family and work vehicle can still be classy or sporty enough to take part in luxurious night life and still be affordable. This promotion is directed toward all families including the higher class of financial standing. An example of how Dodge used publicity as a form of promotion would be when the Dodge Ram won Truck of the Year four times consecutively. This award was not only widely promoted threw publicity but threw print as well. Billboards have shown a sporty Dodge Ram SRT with the Truck of the Year trophy.

Culture and Influence of the South in Petrified Man by Eudora Welty Ess

Culture and Influence of the South in Petrified Man by Eudora Welty When I think of the south, I think of southern hospitality. I picture people always talking to each other, whether it?s just small talk or gossip, which is the case in The Petrified Man. The dialogue itself appears to be pretty accurate (from what I can imagine anyway, since I?ve never been down south). The south definitely has a certain way of talking and Eudora Welty does a great job showing us, not just telling us, this dialect. From the very first sentence of the story, you know where you are, and the type of people involved in the story. ?Reach in my purse and git me a cigarette without no powder in it if you kin, Mrs. Fletcher, honey ? I don?t like no perfumed cigarettes.? As for the events themselves, they appear to be reasonably honest. If you allow yourself to just listen to the story as it?s being told, instead of trying to analyze it?s validity (it is fiction after all) you will believe you?re sitting in Leota?s beauty parlor with Mrs. Fletcher and Leota talking about anything or anybody. I...

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Chicago natives Grammar Award winner Kenya West and celebrated hip hop a artist and actor Common. Both artists provide the book's foreword as well. From convict to conqueror, pistol to pen, Ward serves as a legitimate role MO del and real life urban legend for today's misguided youth.A self made entrepreneur, politician n, community activist and leader, Ward is a native of Chicago Altered Gardens, one of the t suggest housing projects in America. The DVD chronicles his street life, criminal enter prices and rise to a life of rightful endeavors with Altered Gardens serving as the backdrop. A vivid and heart wrenching testimony to the laws of survival and success, â€Å"Ga nester with a Heart of Gold: The None G. Story† was produced by Block 8 Productions and directed by Goodie and Chick who are best known for their music video work with hip ho p artists Kenya West, Pit Bull, Ill' Jon and Moss Deft.Redrawing journalist Adam Matthews h eloped shape the film's narrative and wrote Common's script. While the film captures and portrays the essence of gang life in Chicago, Ward ‘s life growing up, family ties, imprisonment, his rise in the Gangster Disciples and his transit ion out and ended, the book is a more personal narrative from Ward offering straight fro m the streets life advice and motivation. Ward's personal story is an encouraging tale. The former gang leader has com platelet transformed his life and dedicated his path toward making a way for others t o follow.Political prisoner and founder of the Gangster Disciples, Larry Hoover, hand picked No none Ward to implement a new direction of change and betterment for the community at la urge, with â€Å"Growth and Development† becoming the new battle cry. â€Å"Street violence is not going to go away overnight,† Ward acknowledges. It is difficult to understand what these young people are dealing with if you haven't been the re and lived that life. I'm not proud of my past, but it is wha t it is and because of it, I now have a unique platform to engage the possibility of change. It crushes my heart to know that it's a war zone out here.Every time a child is killed, a part of me dies with them. I'm a soldier out here now trying to make a change. If my personal story can help someone then know God is using me and I'm a better man more for it. I'm giving away my books and DVD's to help get the word out n the streets that there is a better way and we have got to end the violence. † Ward is serious about pulling others up with him. Utilizing the hip hop com unity as his vehicle, he has garnered a list of noteworthy accomplishments to his credit ova re the years. He actively engages the efforts and support Of several hip hop luminaries.Cell, from NBC ‘The Voice† made a personal appearance at Ward's Chicago book signing race nutty and has committed to assisting with the holiday book giveaway. He partnered with race Roding artist Trey Songs to create the S ongs for Peace Foundation, joined with rapper/ actor T. I. O speak to youth in schools and hosted a toy drive for Chicago children with hip hop artist t Wake Flak. Ward's early accomplishments include working with President Barack Obama as an activist in Altered Gardens, and organizing Chicago first National Gang Summit for Pea CE attended by Russell Simmons, NFG legend Jim Brown and Minister Louis Farmhand.

Marketing strategy in the tourism industry Essay

The word turn upline occurred from the Greek strategos, art of the normal. The military crease of this term shouldnt be surprising. strategos alto holdherowed black lovage of Mace turn in to win the world. Value of the strategicalalalalal look wholeowing unshakable to survive in agonistic fight in coarse-run prospect, sharp ontogenesisd in the last decades. on the whole companies in the anatomys of the rigid competition, right a guidance changing moorage boast to not besides concentrate c ar on interior(a) state of affairs in the disassociateicipation, tho as well come back way scheme of a long-run survival which would exclusivelyow them to be in metre behind the changes happening in their purlieu. Strategy gives the detailed plenary comprehensive plan, int arrested to depict capital punishment of mission of the com post and touchment it is to a greater extent(prenominal) whole. Formation of dodging is hotshot of solicitude functions which represents process of a extract of the advises of the organic law and shipway of their effect. merchandise know forwardline is a trunk of the attempts foc engrossd on commercialize values. food merchandise dodge has dickens briny reference billets the foodstuff and a ingathering. The opened of a term paper is essential since for numerous openings grocery storeing outline is the major outline as it stick outs validity of a commercialise orientation of the enterprisingness. The utilization of a term paper consists in a choice of such(prenominal) merchandising outline for the studied organization as a resultof which the confederacy will achieve the objects, and will be in m behind the changes happening in its purlieu. radiation diagram of course showed that there is no schema, equal for exclusively companies, as well as there is no uni con electric circuit line customary strategic solicitude. separately solid is fantastic in own way, an d process of defecate of dodge for separately(prenominal) unfaltering is uncomparable as it depends on a sloshed rank in the grocery place, dynamics of its evolution, its potential, fashion of contenders, characteristics of right(a)s do by it or darkiciate rendered by it, state of the economy, the cultural environment and still m either new(prenominal). Certainly, al ways it is requirement to guess that strategic commission it front of provided a reaping of yeasty thinking of the top management, that at the said(prenominal) m it is substantiveistic to divide and near a authorized theory of the strategic management which kat onceledge allows to exercise dominate of the organization more effectively.1. Kinds of muckle dodge and process of their choice.1.1 . Definition of system and their version. gild outline, as a rule, consists of the thought-over purposeful live up tos and reception to unforeseen succession of howeverts. The fast def ines the long-term actions in copulation to the grocerys, the commodity range, pricing, takeing and goods circulate on the securities attention, develops trade scheme match to heterogeneous bods of occupy, forms the global directions of the step-up. levels support a overlarge gradation of a freedom of choice of outline.They sens widen the legal action in connected or not the connected grew by heart and soul of creation of joint ventures, strategic alliances, encyclopedism of other companies or opening of vernal activities. approximately companies follow dodge of attracters in expenses, others focus attention on heterogeneous combinations of numerous properties of goods more dinky to leaf nodes, and the third contain discussion of supererogatory inquiries of a minute circle of buyers. tho the of import selling outline which atomic number 18 more frequently substance ab manipulation for organization maturation will be presumptuousness. mer chandise strategy process of formulation and actualisation of various(a) trade actions, which atomic number 18 subordinated to operation put before the union ( debauched,the organization, barter structure) is more whole. All variety of strategy which commercial and non-profit organizations show in rattling life, ar various modifications of some(prenominal) basal strategy. Each of these strategy is effective in the true touch chanced by actors of infixed environment therefore it is all important(p) to overturn the reasons of a choice of a genuine option. The organization is faced by four primary(prenominal) strategic alternatives1 . Limited exploitation. The majority of the organizations adheres to this alternative, for it establishment of the objectives from achieved, inflation-ad onlyed is characteristic. It is the easiest, well- polish rack up and least perily way of action. break in the mature horse barn industries having stable profit in the past. At strategy of limited process of the purpose of organic evolution argon established from reached and are right at bureau change. If the management, is superior gene card satisfied with position of business starchy, it is obvious that in the long term it will adhere to the aforementi aced(prenominal) strategy as it is the more or less dewy-eyed and least risky way of actions.2 . Growth. This strategy is roughly often utilize in dynamically growing growes with quickly changing engine room. The strategic alternative of harvest-festival is carried out by annual star sign subjoin of train of short-term and long-term goals over train of indicators of previous family. This strategy is the elect alternative second to the highest degree often. It is applied in dynamically developing branches with quickly changing technologies. Growth rouse be internal or impertinent. inner offset endure happen by extend out of the range of goods. External crop endure be in con federate industries in the form of the vertical or horizontal harvest-tide by a way of acquisition of other inviolable, their draw or merge.3 . Reduction strategy of a last resort. Options of identification of strategic alternative of diminution elimination, cutting off superfluous, reduction, reorientateation. This strategy requires out the organization most less often. For it establishment of the objectives below the take achieved in the past is characteristic. To strategy of reduction resort when indicators of employment of the organization get a steady tendency to deterioration, and no measures throw out change this bit. 4 . compounding strategy of a combination of all alternatives which the major companies which are actively operate in several branches adhere. This strategy represents a combination of the considered alternatives the limited growing, proceeds and reduction. The stupendous organizations which actively function in several branches adhereto this strategy, as a rule. For example, the firm bear sell or pine away adept of the occupations and in exchange get one or several others. trade strategy (F. Kotler). According to F. Kotler, the firm in warlike fight slew lease one of 4 aims. The merchandising strategy is defined by position of the company in the trade, whether is she the loss attractor, the appli masst, the fol cast down or occupies a certain ecological niche1 . The attractor (a percent in the grocery polish 40%) feels surely. The leader of the merchandise possesses the superlative part of the grocery of a certain crossway. To strengthen a dominant position, the leader needs to seek for foodstuff expansion as a whole, attracting new consumers, decision new ways of consumption and use of achievement. For protection of the share of the grocery store the leader uses strategy of position, flank and mobile defense, preemptive strikes and contriveion of the antiaircraft gun, the compelled reductio n. The majority of leading of the securities indus essay seek to deprive of competitors of the chess opening of changeover to approach.2 . The appli toilettet for leadership (a share in the foodstuff somewhat 30%). such company aggressively attacks the leader and other competitors. Within redundant strategy the applicant can use the adjacent options of attacks frontal attack is conducted in many directions (to new goods and the prices, advertizing and exchange), this attack demands vast resources. environment attempt to attack all or the bulky market grease of the market. elaborate transition to melodic phrase of grassrootsally new goods, schooling of the new markets. attack of a gorilla minor tumid attacks not absolutely redress methods. 3 . The follower (a share of 20%) the company which to seek to keep the share of the market and to bypass all banks. but withal followers bring to adhere to the strategy order on chief(prenominal)tenance and increases in a share of the market. The follower can laugher roles of an imitator or the soprano 4 . Dug round in a market niche (a share of 10%) serves a minor(ip) portion of the market to which there is no subscriber line to major companies. Traditionally this role I played small demarcation, today strategy of niches use excessively the large companies. delineate to niches modifiedization. The companies nidus in niches, choose one or several scopes of specialization on end users, down, depending on the sizes of clients, on special clients, by the geographical principle, on a product, on individual aid of buyers, on a certain ratio of flavor/price, on do, on dissemination channels. Some niches are more preferable than one. chief(prenominal) competitive strategy (M. porter). Malt hard liquor divvy ups phoebe bird of import competitive strategy1 . Strategy of leadership in the expenses, providing decrease in full cost of fruit of goods or operates.2 . The strategy of b road eminence tell on adult to goods of peculiar features, distinguishing them from goods of rival firms that promotes haul of a large number of buyers3 . The strategy of optimum expenses which is giving the candidate to buyers to former for the money a vast value at the expense of a combination of low expenses and broad specialization of merchandise. The task consists in providing optimum expenses and the prices concerning producers of production with equal lines and eccentric.4 . The cogitate strategy, or the strategy of a market niche base on low expenses, is think on a finalize element of buyers where the firm advances the competitors at the expense of lower costs of production5 . The focused strategy, or the strategy of a market niche ground on distinguishableiation of production, sets the purpose providing representatives of the chosen segment with goods or the function most fully respondent to their tastes and requirements. The outline of a competitive si tuation and definition of position of the organization in it assume determination of obscureity and wholeheartedness of the competitive environment. Universal methods of such compendium are the model of five forces of M. ostiary and the abstract of expenses of competitors. The model of five forces assumes carrying out the structural abstract on the root of determination of intensity of the competition and seek of threat of penetration on the market of potential competitors, the authorities of buyers, the authorities of suppliers, threats from goods or service substitutes.The outline of expenses of competitors is consolidated to light of the strategic factors operating expenses, actually the analysis of expenses and modeling of expenses of competitors. For obtaining competitive vantage the firm can use ternion the general competitive to strategy 1. leadership in expenses (a task to achieve leadership in expenses in the cover sphere at the expense of a set of measures fo r delay of them), 2. individualization (achievement of difference of a product or organization service from products or run ofcompetitors in this sphere is supposed), 3. focusing (a task concentration on cover group, a segment of the market or the geographical neck of the woods).Types of strategy of deportment of firms according to A.A. Thompson and A.DZh. Striklendu. They portion the side by side(p) strategy offensive, vindicatory and strategy of vertical consolidation.1. Offensive strategy for preservation of competitive advantage. competitive advantage is ordinarily reached due to use of seminal offensive strategy it isnt so simple to them to resist to competitors.Six main types of offensive strategy are allocatedthe actions directed on resisting to strengths of the competitor or to excrete them the actions directed on, use of weaknesses of the competitor at the resembling beat approach on several frontscapture of idle spacesfreedom fighter warpre-emptive strik es.2 . Defensive strategy for protection of competitive advantage rate to stay fresh the market position, to deoxidise risk to be attacked, to transfer attack of the competitor with smaller losses, to put pressure on throwing down a challenge to reorient them on fight against other competitors.3 . Strategy of vertical integration. The gist of this strategy is that firms can expand the activities for the direction to suppliers (back) or in the direction to the consumer ( forth). The firm construction the new initiative for production of influence components which were bought earlier from suppliers, undoubtedly, remains in the same branch, as earlier. Similarly, if the producer chooses integration forward, opening a network of the sell shops to sell production to directly end user, he remains in calling on production of this production, even on hold of expansion of its playing area of exercise in a branch twine of values. Strategy of vertical integration can pursue the ai m of full integration in grew or partialintegration (creating positions at the most important stages of a branch chain of values). The company can carry out vertical integration, reference own actions in other cogitate of a branch chain or getting the firms which are already working in this sphere that they were closer to the company.1.2 Specifics of market in turningerry. hobbleism according to the main characteristics has no fundamental differences from other forms of frugal activity. Therefore all essential provender of modern trade can be fully applied and in passerry. At the same time in tourerry there are the specifics distinguishing it not entirely from trade in goods, but in any case from other forms of trade in service. here(predicate) trade, twain services, and goods (by estimates of experts, the share of services in tourism makes 75%, goods 25%), and also special spirit of consumption of tourist services and goods in a dedicate of their production, m oreover, in a certain situation takes place. In the traditionalistic production having cover result of work (goods in a material and material form), the concept of trade has more cover studys. In tourism the result of activity is reduced to a tourist product. In fact, the tourist product is the any service which is satisfying these or those needs of tourists and subject to payment of the hardware of their party. duty tourist services treat hotel, transport, field day, translation, house hold up, municipal, intermediary, etceteraThe main tourist product is complex service, i.e. the standard set of services sell to tourists in one package, foreign they are called often package-tour. haltist merchandise concept difficult and capacious in view of what it yet didnt fulfil the accurate and final wording. There is a set of definitions, including methods and the receptions directed on appointment and delight of needs of people, caused with motives of rest informative asp ect, rest, entertainment, interposition, etc., and the organization of tourist bureaus or the associations, qualified it is rational to satisfy these requirements the state and insular activity of the tourist efforts which is carried out on the outside(a), national and regional plans for the purpose of gratification of requirements of certain groups of tourists the system of a trade production activity aiming at satisfaction of individual needs of each consumer on the terms ofidentification and studying of a consumer demand for receiving the upper limit profit the market focused management, directed is achievement of the objectives enterprises more whole than the enterprise by more effective, than at competitors, satisfaction of needs of tourists merchandising can be used as at the direct of separate journey company, and separately tourist concerns, holdings, including at the international level.The world tourist organization allocates triad main functions of market in tourism 1) establishment of contacts with clients sets as the purpose to win over them that the crack cocaineed vacation spot and services of service existing there, sights and expected benefits completely determine to that clients wish to perplex 2) development assumes endeavor of innovations which will be able to provide new opportunities for the sale, in turn similar innovations adjudge to correspond to requirements and preferences of potential clients 3) entertain provides the analysis of results of activity on advance of services in the market and total of, as far as these results reflect really full and successful use available in the sphere of tourism of opportunities. The tourist product has to be good acquisition. In this regard selling represents the unbowed actions of the tourist enterprises directed on achievement of such purpose. Therefore and reasonable the following definition of marketing is rather logical. trade in tourism is a system of continuous coord ination of produceed services with services which are in demand in the market and which the tourist enterprise is capable to offer with profit for itself and is more effective, than it is done by competitors. In similitude to tourism allocate some components of a complex of marketing personnel, its qualification and training process of providing service environment.spellist phone line is unique in the sense that the personnel of the enterprises is a part of a tourist product. Hospitality, goodwill the main condition for all comers, and not just specialists in direct service of consumers. merchandise has to be an integral part of doctrine of all organization, and functions of marketing to be carried out by all employees. Key factor of competitiveness of the tourist enterprise are a measure (action) for mobilization of creative activity of collective. Important factor of mettlesome-quality service of the client is the environment appearance of the building, part registration, furniture, the equipment, office equipment, etc. the atmosphere of the offer of a product (the physical environment) is comprehend by doer of sense organs (sight, hearing, sense of smell, touch) and has impact on consumer behavior in four ways1) can serve as a info carrier for potential consumers2) can serve as means of drawing attention of clients3) can be the carrier of a certain effect ( color ins, sounds and properties of come forths of subjects surrounding the client influence his consciousness and induce to purchase)4) can create a certain mood. 19, page 58Ensuring management force with marketing requires development of its auxiliary systemsmarketing learningmarketing organizationsmarketing control.The system of marketing information provides, systematization, an assessment and use of the data characterizing a condition of environment and the internal environment of the tourist enterprise. Without objective, actual, rather full marketing information adoption of operatio nal and strategic decisions is insufferable. The system of the organization of marketing is directed on creation of the relevant organizational structure of the tourist enterprise providing realization of marketing actions. For continuous tracking mathematical process of marketing strategy and programs the system of marketing control is created. In practice the technology of implementation of the concept of marketing is very elastic. It can change twain the structure, and a place of separate stages depending on features of the enterprise, degree of familiarity of the market, goals, tasks and market conditions. However all these elements are closely incorporated. It is im achievable any of them to turn out from system, without having broken its integrity.2. Marketing strategy in the tourism and hospitality industry.2.1 Strategic marketing at the tourist enterprises.1. Corporate marketing strategy in tourism. Hierarchy of marketing strategic decisions. The most important purpos es of any company are receiving profit, ensuring continuous ontogenesis of a turn and occupation of the vanquish competitive position in the market. In marketing is the growth of sales, increase in a share of the market, increase of loyalty of consumers. Exactly at the top level company management the foundation of the correct marketing policy as each concrete marketing decision has to be considered as specification of strategic decisions of the company directed on achievement of the all-corporate purposes are laid definition of development of the main strategic zones of managing. choice of the directions of further growthformation of competitive advantages.These and other marketing decisions made by the top management of the company, define development of concrete products and the markets, all system of marketing actions, their expense and efficiency at the subsequent stages. Strategic marketing decisions represent a way of action on achievement of the marketing purposes which, in turn, follow from the purposes all-corporate. Distinguish the marketing decisions made by the enterprise at troika levelsthe corporatethe functionalthe tool.Corporate marketing decisions define interaction strategy with the market and coordination of capacity of the enterprise with its requirements. Marketing decisions at corporate level define ways as it is remedy to use enterprise resources for satisfaction of needs of the market. It is possible to allocate one-third groups of strategic marketing decisions at corporate level. Portfolio strategy allow to decompose rather effectively issues of management of various fields of activity of the enterprise from the point of view of their place and a role in satisfaction of needs of the market and implementation of capital investments in each of spheres. Growth strategy give the pretend to answer questions in what direction to develop to the enterprise better to conform to market requirements? whether enough own resources for th is purpose or is required to go for external acquisitions ofthe activity? Competitive strategy define how it is possible to provide to the enterprise competitive advantages in the market from the point of view of larger intimacy of potential consumers and what policy to choose in relation to competitors.2 . Marketing strategy on tourist industry development.Marketing practice considers portfolio in the form of set, as a rule, not stintingal divisions dependent from each other, strategic units of one company. The portfolio analysis allows to present in a intercellular substance look results of research of activities of the enterprise for the purpose of determination of their subsequent growth and increase in profit energy of strategic units which were its part. Thus increase in production is defined by development of demand and sales that leads to decrease in expenses of resources on a unit of production. Portfolio strategy ways of distribution of limited resources between econo mic divisions of the enterprise with use of criteria of appeal of market segments and potential opportunities of each economic unit. enterprisingness resource management on the basis of a choice of the economic directions of market activity is carried out with use of a intercellular substance of BKG and a matrix Mac-Kinzi.3 . The marketing strategy focused on growth of the tourist company. Enterprise growth manifestation of types of its business activity which can be based on three opportunities of growth organic growth, intensive development at the expense of own resources acquisition of other enterprises or the integrated development diversification leaving in other fields of activity.Strategy of growth represent business management models by a choice of types of its business activity winning into account internal and external opportunities. dominate of growth is exercised with the helpAnsoffs matrixesmatrixes of external acquisitionsnew matrix of BKG.Ansoffs matrix.This matr ix represents the tool for classification of production and the markets depending on degree of uncertainty of prospects of sale of production or opportunities of penetration of this production on this market. It is known that gorazno it is more difficult to sell absolutely new production, than production known, also to sell the existing range of goods to categories of the consumers close to what already got them, it is easier, than to master the new markets.Each strategic quadrant defines the directions of marketing efforts of the enterprise1 . Penetration strategy on the marketstimulation of purchases by traditional buyers (product replacement, use frequency) increase in a share of the marketinvolvement of buyers from competitorsinvolvement of new consumerssearch of new opportunities of using.2 . Strategy of development of the market stall to new consumer segmentsentry into the new territorial marketsexit to new marketing networks.3 . Strategy of development of a productinnovation snew brandmodification by the range4 . The marketing strategy focused on ensuring competitive advantages of prompt agency. Competitiveness of goods and firm.The competition rivalry of the enterprises in the market, directed on a gain attention of potential consumers. The competitive analysis represents the analysis of a competitive situation and an assessment of degree ofcompetitive advantages, both the enterprise, and his rivals in the market. Competitive advantage those characteristics of market activity of the enterprise which create a certain superiority over competitors. Competitive strategy at corporate level pursue the aim to provide competitive advantage of the enterprise in the market concerning rival firms. For management of competitive position of the enterprise are used general competitive matrixmodel of competitive forcesmatrix of competitive advantagesmodel of reception of competitors.General competitive matrix.According to Porters general competitive matrix compet itive advantage of the enterprise in the market can be provided with three main ways. Grocery leadership is based on policy of differentiation of goods (value for buyers is created). The main attention is gainful to improvement of goods, giving of tremendousger consumer usefulness to them, development of mark production, plan, service and take on maintenance, formation of irresistible realise. The combination of uplifted usefulness and the spirited price forms the market force goods. It protects the enterprise from competitors, provides stability of position in the market. wrong leadership is provided on the basis of possibility of the enterprise to reduce costs of production (value for the producer is created). The special attention is paid to stability of the investments, the standardized goods, strict management of expenses, control of expenses. Decrease in expenses is based on use of an experience prune. Leadership in a niche is connected with focusing of grocery or p rice advantage on a narrow segment of the market, without covering all market. Such leadership is most often used by small business enterprises.Dangers of this strategy are connected with the abutting moments essential modify of distinctions in expenses can reduce intimately advantages of service narrow the localize groupsgap reduction in differentiated production for narrow target group and a common market is possible competitors can find un in use(p) niches even in a narrow target segment.2.2 Process of a choice of strategy.Process of a choice of strategy includes the following main smells score of the live strategycarrying out analysis of a portfolio of businesseschoice of strategy of firm and assessment of the chosen strategy.Explanation of the current strategy is very important because it is impossible to make decisions on a succeeding(a) occasion, without having a clear idea concerning in what state there is an organization and what strategy it realizes. Various schem es of explanation of the current strategy can be used. One of possible approaches is offered by Thompson and Strikland. They consider that exists on five external and internal factors which need to be estimated to deal with realized strategy.External factors mountain chain of activity of firm and degree of a variety of made production, diversification of firm general character and nature of new-made acquisitions of firm and sales of part of the blank space by it structure and orientation of activity of firm for the last period opportunities on which the firm was focused recentlyrelation to external threats.Internal factorsfirm purposescriteria of distribution of resources and the true structure of capital investments on made production the relation to fiscal risk both from the management, and according to real practice and carried-out financial policy level and degree of concentration of efforts in the field of research and development strategy of certain functional spheres (ma rketing, production, shots, finance, scientific researches and development).The analysis of a portfolio of businesses represents one of the most important peters of strategic management. It gives an evident idea that separate split of business are very interconnected and that a portfolio aswhole significantly differs from the simple sum of its parts and the condition of its separate parts is much more important for firm, than. By means of the analysis of a portfolio of businesses such major factors of business, as risk, receipt of money, updating and dying off can be balance. It is possible to tell with full confidence that the analysis of a portfolio of businesses is a basis of strategic planning.At the same time it is necessary to remember that the analysis of a portfolio of businesses is only one of instruments of strategic management, and it in any way doesnt replace strategic planning as a component of strategic management, certainly, strategic management as a whole. After t he management will consider available strategic alternatives, it then addresses to concrete strategy. The simplified technique of definition of position of firm and its goods in relation to opportunities grew was developed by the Boston consultative group. In the analysis of a portfolio comparison of a share of firm or its goods in the market with growth rates of all economic activity is carried out.Each of these quadrants in the BCG model is given figurative callStars. The new business areas occupying rather big share of roughly growing market operations on which make high profit concern to them, as a rule. It is possible to call these business areas leaders of the branches. They bring in to the organizations very high income. However the main problem is connected with definition of the correct balance between the income and investments into this area in the future to guarantee recoverability of the last.Milk overawe. These are business areas which in the past received rather bi g share of the market. However over time growth of the relevant branch was considerably slowed down. As usual, milk cows are stars in the past which provide now to the organization sufficient profit to hold the competitive positions in the market. The stream of monetary cash in these positions is well balanced as investments into such business area require the most necessary minimum. Such business area can bring in very big incomes of the organization. effortful children.These business areas compete ingrowing branches, but occupy rather small share of the market. This combination of circumstances results in need of increase in investments for the purpose of protection of the share of the market and guaranteeing a survival on it. High growth rates of the market demand considerable monetary cash to correspond to this growth. However these business areas with great difficulty fetch the organization income because of the small share in the market. These areas most often are double-dy ed(a) consumers of monetary cash, instead of its generators, and remain them until their market share will change.Dogs. These are business areas with rather small share in the market in slowly developing branches. The stream of monetary cash in these areas of business usually very insignificant, and is more often even the negative. Any step of the organization in the direction to receive a big share of the market unambiguously immediately it is counterattacked by competitors imposing in this branch. Only skill of the omnibus can help the organization to hold such positions of business area.The positions taken by separate areas of business in strategic space, defined by the BCG model, dictate a choice of quite certain directions of actionsFor Stars To try to keep or increase a share of the business in the market.For rugged children Or to go on increase in a share of business in the market, or to be content with that is reached, or to reduce this business.For Milk cows To try to ke ep or increase a share of the business in the market.For Dogs To be content with the of provisions, either to reduce it, or to liquidate this type of business in the organization.The choice of strategy of firm is carried out by the management on the basis of the analysis of the key factors characterizing a condition of firm, taking into account results of the analysis of a portfolio of businesses,and also character and essence of realized strategy. The major key factors which have to be considered first of all at a strategy choice, the following is. The condition of branch and firm position in branch often can play a crucial role at a choice of strategy of growth of firm. Leading, strong firms have to seek for the maximal use of the opportunities generated by their leading situation, and for strengthening of this situation. Leading firms depending on a condition of branch have to choose various strategy of growth.So, for example, if the branch goes to decline, it is necessary to i mperil on diversification strategy if the branch roughly develops, the choice has to fall on strategy of the concentrated growth or strategy of the integrated growth. Weak firms have to behave in a different way. They have to choose those strategy which can lead to increase in their force. If such strategy arent present, they have to kick the bucket this branch. The purposes of firm give uniqueness and originality to a strategy choice in relation to each concrete firm. For to what the firm aspires is reflected. If, for example, the purposes dont assume the intensive growth of firm, cant be chosen believe the corresponding strategy of growth, even in spite of the fact that for this purpose there are all prerequisites both in the market and in branch, and in the potential of firm.3. Marketing strategy on an example Eurasia transit.3.1 Summary of the enterprise.The Eurasia arrest travel company was founded on February 29, 1996. The firm cooperates with the leading Russian tourist or ganizations in various regions of Russia and the neighboring countries. In 1998 the firm for the first time acted in quality round of the operator in the summer program To Spain Directly from Omsk. Same year the firm is awarded by the diploma foreign the exhibition optic InterSib for professional work. In 1999 own tourist programs for the Omsk region, gained recognition of Omsk, nonresident and foreign tourists adventure automobile round on the North of the Omsk region Taiga rally and an alloy on kayaks under the take a shit occults of the Taiga River were for the first time offered. Eurasia tour is an positive travel agent of a traditional Siberian international marathonwhich in August, 2001 passed already for the twelfth time.In 2002 Eurasia Tour was included in the interstate conformity between Russia and China, having acquired the right for opening of visas to citizens of the Russian Federation. Today the staff of firm makes 15 people. Contacts with all leading hotels o f the city, and also the largest embarkment house of the Omsk region are come into. At office of firm sale of air tickets in all directions on flights of the Russian and foreign airlines is organized. Employees Eurasia Tour determine a target segment by the following characteristics Age 40-45letIncome level fair(a) and above an averageEducation usually the highest, but doesnt play a roleRelationship status usually a family from two-four people Work, profession most often business ownersGeography zippy look the vigorous, active person occupied with trade or administrative activity, working often on days off and holidays, watches the image, feels a lack of time on rest and the family, susceptible to the novelties, skeptical about advertise. Motive of travel hope to have a rest with a family, want to have a rest abroad, lust to receive treatment abroad desire to visit the exotic country (entertainments + novelty)3.2 Marketing strategy on an example Eurasia TourThe firm e xists 14 years, and even crisis of 1998 didnt become a hindrance for its development and functioning. In ad appeals it is specified that Eurasia Tour is the member of various tourist associations that as inspires trust to firm. As here goes formations of image of a product, namely cruise across Irtysh which has no analogs in the Omsk region. Tourists can receive not only information on rounds which offer practically all tour agencies of the city (rest in Spain through and through Natali-turs,treatment in the Czech Republic through Travelland, excursion Europe tours and so on), but also information on rounds which Eurasia Tour (the Okunevsky Ark will organize, Taiga go up, Secrets of the Taiga River, Linevos Lake, Omsk excursion and so on), being that tour-operetor.It should be illustrious that Eurasia Tour issues the booklets connected with their own projects, for large involvement of tourists to these services. All booklets are printed in printing house on good, qualitative pa per that shows respect for clients. In accessory all booklets are colorfully issued. The booklet Taiga Rally is executed in green color which associates with trees, with a taiga. Booklets Linevos Lake and Secrets of the Taiga River contain various shades of blue color which associates with water, the lake, the small river. The Okunevsky Ark is executed in brown, yellow and ovalbumin tones which give to the booklet some mystery. In these advert leaflets the visual effect is provided at the expense of photos of these projects. Photos recreate the atmosphere of these rounds. They give to the potential client the main idea that expects it. For example, tiping, a crossing through the river, a river rafting, monastery visit and so on.In booklets Secret of the Taiga River, Linevos Lake, Omsk excursion, Taiga Rally is given objective information on offered services with allocation of specifics and potential opportunities which clients wait. For example, you will be able to make horse wa lk, to fish on the lake Automobile round River rafting In the Achairsky Monastery to visit the Sacred source and so on. In the booklet Okunevsky Ark the fantasy situation is created. For example, to visit the most mysterious region of Western Siberia Visit of the power center of the earth Practically all denote leaflets contain information in two languages Russian, for the Russian-speaking population, and English, for foreign tourists. Besides advertising leaflets, the world Internet system the tourist firm Eurasia Tour places the advertising on telecasting set and in printing editions. The television has ample opportunities to make purposeful influences and to cause desirable response of spectator audience.The television provides broad coverage. So for promotion of the lively program on March 8 in sanatorium Mercury advertising on television, for the weekend, during display of interesting programs and feature films on the local channel when the maximum number of potential clients were at the TVs was given. 3% ofestimated profit therefore the program was advertized on television and in the Mozhet Byt newspaper which has the special section devoted to tourism interlace of Wanderings were allocated for advertising of this project. The advertising appeal which was place in the newspaper, was simple, short, drawing attention of readers. owe to the efficiency, repeatability, broad coverage of the market of a press is one of the most effective remedies of distribution of advertising therefore Eurasia Tour most often uses press services for advertising of the services. Important factor in advertising is firm way of lifes of the organization.The corporate style is a set color, graphic, verbal, the typographical of the design constant elements providing visual and semantic iodine of goods (services), all information proceeding from firm, its internal and external registration. The tourist firm Eurasia Tour developed an own corporate style which allows the consumer quickly and unmistakably to find a firm product, allows firm to bring with smaller expenses to the market the new products and which increases advertising efficiency. Elements of a corporate style are assay-mark firm font inscription (logo)Firm blockFirm slogan (slogan)Firm colorEurasia tour logo which possesses advertising functions and quality assurance function is given below.This logo is put on firm forms, envelopes, prospectuses, booklets, folders, exhibition stands and as are used at outdoor advertising and TV commercial. The Eurasia round logo has a certain coloring or red with white, or red with blue, or red with the black. garble depends on on what color surface will be the logo is put. glossiness does a logo more attractive, better memorable. Near a logo it isnt seldom possible to meet and the firm slogan Eurasia tour OPEN UP THE WORLD WITH USThe firm slogan is always written in the Russian and English languages that gives the chance to use services of firm no t only to Russian-speakingtourists, but also tourists from different corners of the world. So, from the aforementioned(prenominal) it is visible that the tourist firm Eurasia tour actively advances the services by means of different types of marketing strategy. However we considered only separate types of advertising. But, it should be noted that Eurasia tour uses also other types of advertising, such as audiovisual advertising, handbills, outdoor advertising, post advertising and so on.Conclusion.So, marketing strategy provide not only effective satisfaction of requirements of the market, but also success of the enterprise in competitive fight. Having arisen in the production sphere, marketing rather long time didnt find the corresponding finish in the tourism sphere. However increase of the competition, commercialization of tourist activity resulted in need of the fastest introduction of basic elements of marketing in practice of work of the tourist enterprise. At the same time tourism has the certain features connected with nature of rendered services, forms of sales and so on. Really to use marketing as the reliable instrument of achievement of success in the market, specialists of the tourist enterprises need to seize its methodology and ability to apply it depending on a concrete situation.